Ernst Cassirer (1874-1945), German philosopher and educator, born in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland), and educated at the universities of Berlin, Leipzig, Munich, Heidelberg, and Marburg. Cassirer became professor of philosophy at Hamburg University in 1919 and taught there until he was ousted in 1933, when Adolf Hitler came to power. He subsequently lectured at the universities of Oxford and Göteborg, before becoming visiting professor at Yale University in 1941, then joining the faculty of Columbia University in 1944. A great admirer of the philosophy of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, Cassirer was a leader of the so-called Marburg Neo-Kantian school of philosophy. His works deal mainly with the theory of knowledge, the history of epistemology, and the philosophy of science. He also revised and annotated Kant's writings. Cassirer's works include The Problem of Knowledge (3 vols., 1906-1920) and The Philosophy of Symbolic Forms (3 vols., 1923-1929).